Builderz Focus

INTRODUCTION Retaining walls these are relatively rigid walls designed and constructed for provision of support to soil masses laterally, so that will be prevented from sliding or eroded away. Why we need retain walls or retaining structures On sloping land of earth surface the soil is not stable, lateral forces push soil masses by sliding or eroding form upper land to lower land. Soil is stable when the slope of the surface is flatter than safe slope, on sliding the soil is trying to flatten its surface, when we have limited space it not possible to provide the safe slope and soil is to be retained at a slope steeper than the safe one, here retaining structures comes. Retaining wall can be found in bridges, buildings, flyovers and roads. Types of retaining walls 1. Gravity retaining wall These are retaining walls which their stability against lateral forces from soil mass depend on their weight, usually constructed from plain concrete or masonry, this kind of retaining w

INTRODUCTION Roof , this is top superstructure part of building, serving to protect building, households and all furniture against rain, snow, sunlight, wind and extreme temperatures. Roofs these are one of important parts of the building, you cannot find buildings without roofs, but what you will find is buildings constructed with different kinds of roofs; in this post you will know different kinds of roofs that you can design and construct in your building project. FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS 1. Weather resistance Roofs are made up of two important parts which are structural part (roof structure) and roof covering, most of structural parts are made of materials which are not weather resistant such as timber and steel. This structure should be covered by roof covering which are weather resistant and impermeable, that they prevent ingress of rainwater, snow and other weather effects into the building. 2. Adequate Drainage Well designed and constructed roof should possess a sloping length t